Sriharikota Launching Range is developed into the most important center, with test, assembly and launch facilities for large multi-stage rockets and satellite launchers, and tracking, telemetry and tele-command stations for Indian spacecraft.It is situated in the Sriharikota Island, on India's east coast, about 62 miles (100km) north of Madras at 13°47' North and 80°15' East.Sriharikota, is an island in the Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh State, lies along the east of Pulicat Lake and is reached by road from Madras.SHAR covers a total area of about 56 sq miles (145 sqkm) with a coastal length of 16।7 miles (27km). The range became operational when three Rohini 125 sounding rockets were launched on 9 and 10 October 1971. Since then, the ISRO facilities at SHAR have expanded. The solid propellant space booster plant processes large size propellant grains for the satellite launch vehicles. The Static Test & Evaluation Complex (STEX) tests and qualifies different types of solid motor for launch vehicles.
The first Rohini sounding rocket was launched from SHAR in October 1970. The first satellite put aloft from the site was the Rohini 1A engineering satellite aboard an SLV-3 rocket on August 19, 1979. Over the ensuing period to 1983, three more SLV/Rohini launches were carried out. From 1987, launches of SROSS (Stretched Rohini Satellite Series) earth observation satellite were commenced from SHAR aboard improved ASLVs (Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle) with additional booster capability. From 1996, IRS (Indian Remote-sensing Satellite) launches have begun from the center using PSLVs (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle).
The PSLV launch complex was commissioned during 1990. The 3000-ton, 75 metre-high, mobile service tower provides a payload clean room at the 41 metre level. The closed center at SHAR houses computers and data processing, closed circuit television, real-time tracking systems and meteorological observation equipment। It is linked to three radars located at Sriharikota and the five stations of ISRO's Telemetry, Tracking & Command Network (ISTRAC). The first test launch of the complete SLV-3 rocket occurred in August 1979 but it was only partially successful following a malfunction in the second stage guidance system। SHAR facilities worked satisfactorily during the SLV-3 preparation and launch। On 18 July 1980 the SLV-3 successfully launched India's third satellite.
Now available for launching 1,000-1,200 kg class of remote sensing satellites into polar sun-synchronous orbit। IRS-1D launched on September 29,1997।IRS-P4(OCEANSAT) and two small satellites (KITSAT of Korea and TUBSAT of Germany) launched on on May 26,1999 by PSLV-C2।PSLV-C3 launched three satellites -- Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) of ISRO, BIRD of Germany and PROBA of Belgium - into their intended orbits on October 22, 2001. PSLV-C4 launched KALPANA-1 satellite on September 12, 2002.PSLV-C5 launched RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) satellite on October 17, 2003.PSLV-C6 launched CARTOSAT-1 and HAMSAT satellites on May 5,2005.
For launching 2,000 kg class of communication satellites into geosynchronous transfer orbit.A three stage vehicle; first stage is a 129 tonne solid propellant core motor with four liquid propellant strap-ons with 40 tonne propellant each, second stage is a liquid propulsion system with 37.5 tonne propellant and a cryogenic upper stage with 12 tonne of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.First developmental flight GSLV-D1 completed with successful launch on April 18, 2001.Second developmental flight GSLV-D2 launched GSAT-2 satellite on May 8, 2003. First operational flight of GSLV (GSLV-F01) and the third in the GSLV series launched EDUSAT Satellite on September 20, 2004.
The PSLV launch complex was commissioned during 1990. The 3000-ton, 75 metre-high, mobile service tower provides a payload clean room at the 41 metre level. The closed center at SHAR houses computers and data processing, closed circuit television, real-time tracking systems and meteorological observation equipment। It is linked to three radars located at Sriharikota and the five stations of ISRO's Telemetry, Tracking & Command Network (ISTRAC). The first test launch of the complete SLV-3 rocket occurred in August 1979 but it was only partially successful following a malfunction in the second stage guidance system। SHAR facilities worked satisfactorily during the SLV-3 preparation and launch। On 18 July 1980 the SLV-3 successfully launched India's third satellite.
Now available for launching 1,000-1,200 kg class of remote sensing satellites into polar sun-synchronous orbit। IRS-1D launched on September 29,1997।IRS-P4(OCEANSAT) and two small satellites (KITSAT of Korea and TUBSAT of Germany) launched on on May 26,1999 by PSLV-C2।PSLV-C3 launched three satellites -- Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) of ISRO, BIRD of Germany and PROBA of Belgium - into their intended orbits on October 22, 2001. PSLV-C4 launched KALPANA-1 satellite on September 12, 2002.PSLV-C5 launched RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) satellite on October 17, 2003.PSLV-C6 launched CARTOSAT-1 and HAMSAT satellites on May 5,2005.
For launching 2,000 kg class of communication satellites into geosynchronous transfer orbit.A three stage vehicle; first stage is a 129 tonne solid propellant core motor with four liquid propellant strap-ons with 40 tonne propellant each, second stage is a liquid propulsion system with 37.5 tonne propellant and a cryogenic upper stage with 12 tonne of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.First developmental flight GSLV-D1 completed with successful launch on April 18, 2001.Second developmental flight GSLV-D2 launched GSAT-2 satellite on May 8, 2003. First operational flight of GSLV (GSLV-F01) and the third in the GSLV series launched EDUSAT Satellite on September 20, 2004.
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